1. Understanding Core Concepts: A solid grasp of GCSE-level (or equivalent) science and maths.
2. Problem Solving: Applying knowledge to unfamiliar situations.
3. Data Interpretation: Analyzing graphs, tables, and experimental results.
4. Numerical Skills: Performing calculations without a calculator, including manipulation of scientific notation and estimation.
5. Reading Comprehension: Carefully understanding the question asked, especially multi-step problems or those with extensive text.